High Voltage Automated Cable Tester Project

Key Specifications

  • Maximum Testing Voltage of 1kV

  • Automated Continuity and Insulation Testing

  • 16 Channel

  • Leakage current testing

  • Modular Architecture

Introduction

This project is a fully self-designed and built high-voltage cable testing system developed to automate continuity and insulation verification for multi-core subsea and industrial cables. The system generates a controlled ~1 kV DC test voltage and performs precise, repeatable measurements across multiple channels, replacing slow and error-prone manual testing methods.

Designed from the ground up, the tester integrates modular hardware, isolated measurement architecture, and embedded control to ensure safe and reliable operation in demanding environments. The platform includes automated channel switching, precision current sensing, real-time diagnostics, and onboard logging, enabling clear pass/fail identification and traceable test data.

A key focus of the project was engineering robustness and scalability. The system uses a distributed microcontroller architecture, high-voltage-aware PCB design, and modular expansion capability, allowing it to scale to high channel counts while maintaining measurement integrity and electrical isolation.

This project demonstrates advanced skills in high-voltage electronics, mixed-signal measurement, embedded systems, and practical engineering design — from concept and schematic capture through to PCB layout, system integration, and real-world deployment.

Project Objectives

The primary goal of this project was to design a robust and scalable automated cable testing solution capable of operating safely at high voltage while maintaining measurement accuracy and repeatability.

Key objectives included:

  • Automating continuity and insulation resistance testing

  • Generating and controlling a stable ~1 kV DC test voltage

  • Ensuring electrical isolation and operator safety

  • Designing a modular architecture scalable to high channel counts

  • Providing clear pass/fail diagnostics and traceable results

  • Creating a field-deployable, engineering-grade system

Hardware Design

The hardware was designed with strong emphasis on high-voltage safety, measurement integrity, and modular expansion.

Key design elements:

  • High-voltage PCB layout with controlled creepage and clearance

  • Modular channel boards for scalability and maintainability

  • Precision current sensing and measurement circuitry

  • Protection and fault-handling hardware

  • Industrial enclosure and power architecture

  • Connectorized system for reliable field operation

The design balances electrical safety, measurement precision, and practical deployability.

Connector Daughter Board

PCB Stackup

Main Board

Main PCB Stackup

The main control PCB was designed as a 6-layer controlled stackup to ensure signal integrity, high-voltage isolation, and measurement stability. The layer arrangement prioritises ground referencing, low-noise analog routing, and safe separation between high-voltage and logic domains.

Stackup Overview (Top → Bottom)

Layer 1 – Top Signal

  • Analog measurement routing

  • Critical signal traces

  • Guarded low-leakage paths

  • Controlled impedance where required

Layer 2 – Ground Plane (Solid)

  • Continuous reference plane

  • Low impedance return paths

  • Analog stability and noise suppression

  • Shielding for top layer signals

Layer 3 – Power Plane

  • 24 V distribution

  • Regulated rails (12 V / 5 V / 3.3 V)

  • Segmented power domains

  • Controlled current return management

Layer 4 – Secondary Ground Plane

  • Dedicated analog/digital segmentation

  • Isolation boundary support

  • Reference plane for bottom routing

Layer 5 – Internal Signal / Control

  • Non-critical routing

  • Communication lines

  • Distributed control interconnect

Layer 6 – Bottom Signal

  • Low-speed routing

  • Interface connectors

  • System I/O

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I2C Relay